Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)
Ōda Chausuyama Kofun
Also known asMishima no Aino no Misasagi
Datedc. 500 CE
Photo Saigen Jiro · CC0Source file on Wikimedia Commons
Overview
About this site
Overview
Ōda Chausuyama Kofun is a keyhole-shaped burial mound at Ōda in Ibaraki, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, estimated to date to about the middle of the 5th century, in the middle Kofun period. It is the 21st largest kofun in Japan and the largest in northern Osaka Prefecture.
The Imperial Household Agency designates it as Mishima no Aino no Misasagi, the tomb of the 26th emperor, Keitai, but the actual occupant is not known and the designation is doubted.
Read on Wikipedia4 min readCC BY-SA 4.0
Where it sits in time
The site's dated range, placed against world reference points.
The scale is logarithmic: each step to the left is about ten times older than the last.
Article
Ōda Chausuyama Kofun
The mound stands on the Tomita plateau on the right bank of the Yodo River, and its front part faces south.
DescriptionSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
The mound stands on the Tomita plateau on the right bank of the Yodo River, and its front part faces south. It is built in three tiers (according to one view, four) and has a length of 226 metres. The round rear part is 138 metres in diameter and 19.2 metres high; the front part is 147 metres wide and 19.8 metres high. Projections (tsukuri-dashi) lie at the waist of the mound on both sides. A shield-shaped moat about 28-33 metres wide surrounds it, and outside the moat runs an embankment 30 metres wide. The condition of the mound and moat is poor.
Five probable satellite tombs (baizuka) have been lettered A to E by the Osaka Prefectural and Ibaraki City boards of education. Mound A is a round mound about 21 metres in diameter. Mound B is a round mound with a projection, about 19 metres in diameter and about 4 metres high. Mound C is a keyhole-shaped mound about 28 metres long. Mound D, measuring 20 metres north to south by 14 metres east to west and about 3 metres high, shows no traces of a ditch or haniwa, so it is uncertain whether it is a satellite tomb. Mound E is a square mound about 27 metres on a side, from which no finds came.
ExcavationsSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Excavations outside the moat were carried out by the Osaka Prefectural Board of Education and the Ibaraki City Board of Education in 1972 and 1988, and in 2002 the Imperial Household Agency's Archives and Mausolea Department excavated at the foot of the mound. The work recovered cylindrical haniwa and figure haniwa, including house, human, armour, horse and cormorant forms from the northern embankment. The haniwa are attributed to the Niiike (新池) haniwa production site at Kamitsuchimuro, Takatsuki, whose oldest kiln group A matches them; the production site itself is thought to have begun operating when this mound was built.
DatingSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
By the chronological sequence of the cylindrical haniwa, they date from the middle of the 5th century. The layout of the mound and moat is almost the same as that of Ichinoyama Kofun in Fujiidera, which suggests a link between the occupant and the great kings buried in the Furuichi group.
HistorySources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
The first claim that this mound was the tomb of Keitai appears in Matsushita Kenrin's 前王廟陵記 of 1696, and the designation was settled by 1732. The Imperial Household Ministry (now the Imperial Household Agency) confirmed it in the Meiji period, and from 1884 the mound has been under its control. The designation is problematic: the date of construction does not match the year of Keitai's death (given as the 25th year of his reign, 531, with a query), and the location differs from the descriptions in the historical records. The tomb of Keitai is now more widely held to be Imashirozuka Kofun in Takatsuki, which dates to the first half of the 6th century. Some scholars suggest that the real occupant of the Ōda Chausuyama mound was a member of the royal family branching from the Yamato court.
ContextSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Kofun are the large burial mounds of ancient Japan, built mainly between the middle of the third century and the early seventh century CE; the Kofun period takes its name from them. The most distinctive form is the keyhole-shaped mound, with one square end and one round end seen from above, but plain round mounds, double-rectangle mounds and square mounds also occur.
Tradition and region
About this kind of monument
Japanese kofun tumuli
Kofun are the great burial mounds of ancient Japan, built mainly between the middle of the third century and the early seventh century CE. The period takes its name from them. The most distinctive form is the keyhole-shaped mound (zempō-kōen-fun), with one square end and one round end seen from above, but there are also plain round mounds, double-rectangle mounds and square mounds. Orientation is not fixed: in the Mozu group at Sakai, some round parts face north and others east.
The largest is Daisenryō kofun at Sakai in Osaka, the biggest kofun in Japan, thought to have been built over some twenty years in the middle of the fifth century. By common acceptance it is the tomb of Emperor Nintoku, and the Imperial Household Agency treats it as such, but this cannot be confirmed because the mound has not been excavated. It stands in the Mozu group, which once had more than a hundred tombs of which fewer than half remain; the group and the neighbouring Furuichi cluster were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019. The mounds were built on a plateau overlooking Osaka Bay, near the ancient coastline.
Dating rests on mound shape, pottery and grave goods. Haniwa, which means "clay circle", are terracotta cylinders and figures of houses, animals and people that were arranged in rings and rows around and on top of the mounds. Smaller kofun are very numerous and sit in groups in every region of Japan.
When visiting, look for the moat that surrounds the larger mounds, for the stepped outline of terraces, and for reconstructed haniwa in museums and parks beside the tombs.
Paraphrased from Wikipedia: Kofun, Wikipedia: Daisen Kofun, Wikipedia: Haniwa, Wikipedia: Mozu Tombs · CC BY-SA 4.0
See it in 3D
An interpretive reconstruction of the monument, standing on the real ground at its exact point, under the sun for that place and season. Drag to look around it.

The reconstruction is ours, not a survey: it shows what a monument of this type looks like, at the size the record gives for this one.
Photographs
8 photographs, each with its author and licence
More photographs
Lore
Evidence & Lore
What the sources actually support — and, kept apart, what has been claimed.
What the evidence supports
Dates
Est. 250–650 CEHow this date was established: Type comparisonTypical range for megalithic mounds in Japan; this site has not been dated itself. Japanese kofun burial mounds were mainly constructed between the middle of the 3rd century and the early 7th century AD.Source for this date
Where it stands
Japan
The pin marks the monument itself — its exact point.
- Coordinates
- 34°50′40″ N, 135°34′42″ EFor a GPS or map app: 34.84458, 135.57843
Access is as our sources describe it; we have not visited the site to check.
Nearby
The closest sites in the Atlas, by straight line.
- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Banzan Kofun250–650 CE
- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Tsugeyama Kofun
Minohara Kofun250–650 CE
Maetsuka Kofun250–650 CE
Imashirozuka Kofun501–550 CE
郡家車塚古墳250–650 CE- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)将軍山古墳群250–650 CE
- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)安威古墳群250–650 CE
Sources
Every record behind this page, with the link it came from.
2 sources behind this page
- 01Wikidata Q11444409wikidata.org
- 02Source for this dateen.wikipedia.org
Image files
- Oda Chausuyama Kofun, zenkei.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Oda Chausuyama Kofun, baicho-8-2.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Oda Chausuyama Kofun, baizuka-B (baicho-5).jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Oda Chausuyama Kofun, baizuka-D.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Oda Chausuyama Kofun, baizuka-A (baicho-4).jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Ōda-chausuyama-kofun haisho-2.JPGSaigen JiroCC0
- Oda Chausuyama Kofun, haisho.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Oda Chausuyama Kofun, baizuka-C (baicho-7).jpgSaigen JiroCC0
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Around this place
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Credit
Text, licence and sources
Adapted from the Wikipedia article "太田茶臼山古墳" (Japanese), licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; authors are listed in the page history. Reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read on Wikipedia · Edit history and authors
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 太田茶臼山古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
- Wikidata Q11444409CC0