Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)
Iwayaato Kofun
Datedc. 501 CE
Photo Saigen Jiro · CC0Source file on Wikimedia Commons
Overview
About this site
Overview
Iwayaato Kofun (岩屋後古墳) is a kofun, or burial mound, in Ōkusa-chō, Matsue, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. It is one of the tombs that make up the Ōkusa kofun group and is designated a Prefectural Historic Site. It was built in the second half of the sixth century, in the late Kofun period.
Its burial chamber is of the Izumo-type stone-coffin style, built of single slabs shaped like a house-shaped sarcophagus. Most of the mound has been lost and the chamber is half destroyed.
Read on Wikipedia3 min readCC BY-SA 4.0
Where it sits in time
The site's dated range, placed against world reference points.
The scale is logarithmic: each step to the left is about ten times older than the last.
Article
Iwayaato Kofun
The kofun was built on the plain at the south-western corner of the Iu plain in eastern Shimane.
DescriptionSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
The kofun was built on the plain at the south-western corner of the Iu plain in eastern Shimane. The surroundings are now rice paddies, most of the mound has been lost and the stone chamber is half destroyed. The shape of the mound is unclear; it is presumed to have been a round or square mound of about 20 m.
The burial facility is an Izumo-type stone-coffin-style chamber opening to the south-west. It was composed of a burial chamber, a passage and a forecourt, but only the burial chamber survives. The chamber measures 2 m in length, 3.3 m in width and 2.3 m in height. Its back wall and side walls are each a single slab, and the ceiling is also a single stone, worked into a house-shaped hipped form on both inner and outer faces. The passage was also built of a single slab, while the forecourt is of split-stone masonry. The form of the chamber is similar to that of Danbara Kofun.
Among the Izumo-type stone-coffin chambers found in eastern Izumo, this is a typical example with a clearly defined house-shaped roof, and it is noted as the largest of its kind. The chamber was looted, and its grave goods are not known.
ExcavationsSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Five or more human-figure haniwa were unearthed in the Meiji period during land clearance and are kept at the Tokyo National Museum (then the Imperial Museum). An excavation was carried out in the 1977 fiscal year by the Shimane Prefectural Board of Education, with a summary report in 1978.
FindsSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Around the mound, cylindrical haniwa, figure haniwa (human figures and horses) and Sue ware (including a leather-bag-shaped vessel) have been found. These are the last figure haniwa of the Izumo region, and the only ones from a stone-coffin-style chamber tomb. The haniwa recovered in the Meiji period are two female figures with a sash shown across the upper body, one male figure wearing a brimmed hat and one female figure with a necklace and earrings. A horse haniwa was found during the excavation. The Sue ware includes lids and bodies of cups, a high-stand cup and a jar with small jars attached.
DatingSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
The kofun is estimated to date to about the second half of the sixth century, in the late Kofun period, the same period as Okadayama Kofun No. 1 and Misakiyama Kofun. In eastern Izumo the Yamashiro and Ōba kofun groups are outstanding in scale, and the persons buried at Iwayaato and Okadayama No. 1 are presumed to have been in a position of assisting the great chief of that group.
ConservationSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
The kofun was designated a Prefectural Historic Site of Shimane on 27 October 1970. Finds from the site and replicas of the human-figure haniwa are displayed at the Shimane Prefectural Yakumo-tatsu Fudoki-no-Oka Museum in Matsue.
ContextSources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
Kofun are the great burial mounds of ancient Japan, built mainly between the middle of the third century and the early seventh century CE. The period takes its name from them.
Tradition and region
About this kind of monument
Japanese kofun tumuli
Kofun are the great burial mounds of ancient Japan, built mainly between the middle of the third century and the early seventh century CE. The period takes its name from them. The most distinctive form is the keyhole-shaped mound (zempō-kōen-fun), with one square end and one round end seen from above, but there are also plain round mounds, double-rectangle mounds and square mounds. Orientation is not fixed: in the Mozu group at Sakai, some round parts face north and others east.
The largest is Daisenryō kofun at Sakai in Osaka, the biggest kofun in Japan, thought to have been built over some twenty years in the middle of the fifth century. By common acceptance it is the tomb of Emperor Nintoku, and the Imperial Household Agency treats it as such, but this cannot be confirmed because the mound has not been excavated. It stands in the Mozu group, which once had more than a hundred tombs of which fewer than half remain; the group and the neighbouring Furuichi cluster were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019. The mounds were built on a plateau overlooking Osaka Bay, near the ancient coastline.
Dating rests on mound shape, pottery and grave goods. Haniwa, which means "clay circle", are terracotta cylinders and figures of houses, animals and people that were arranged in rings and rows around and on top of the mounds. Smaller kofun are very numerous and sit in groups in every region of Japan.
When visiting, look for the moat that surrounds the larger mounds, for the stepped outline of terraces, and for reconstructed haniwa in museums and parks beside the tombs.
Paraphrased from Wikipedia: Kofun, Wikipedia: Daisen Kofun, Wikipedia: Haniwa, Wikipedia: Mozu Tombs · CC BY-SA 4.0
See it in 3D
An interpretive reconstruction of the monument, standing on the real ground at its exact point, under the sun for that place and season. Drag to look around it.

The reconstruction is ours, not a survey: it shows what a monument of this type looks like, at the size the record gives for this one.
Photographs
7 photographs, each with its author and licence
More photographs
Lore
Evidence & Lore
What the sources actually support — and, kept apart, what has been claimed.
What the evidence supports
Dates
Est. 250–650 CEHow this date was established: Type comparisonTypical range for megalithic mounds in Japan; this site has not been dated itself. Japanese kofun burial mounds were mainly constructed between the middle of the 3rd century and the early 7th century AD.Source for this date
Where it stands
Japan
The pin marks the monument itself — its exact point.
- Coordinates
- 35°25′36″ N, 133°05′35″ EFor a GPS or map app: 35.42660, 133.09311
Access is as our sources describe it; we have not visited the site to check.
Nearby
The closest sites in the Atlas, by straight line.
Sources
Every record behind this page, with the link it came from.
2 sources behind this page
- 01Wikidata Q131930270wikidata.org
- 02Source for this dateen.wikipedia.org
Image files
- Iwayaato Kofun, sekishitsu-1.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Iwayaato Kofun, 3D-B1.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Iwayaato Kofun, 3D-N.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Iwayaato Kofun, 3D-B2.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Iwayaato Kofun, 3D-C.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Iwayaato Kofun, funkyu.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
- Iwayaato Kofun, sekishitsu-2.jpgSaigen JiroCC0
Report a correctionWrong date, name, photograph or source? Tell us and it will be put right.
Around this place
The ten nearest sites, by compass
Credit
Text, licence and sources
Adapted from the Wikipedia article "岩屋後古墳" (Japanese), licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; authors are listed in the page history. Reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read on Wikipedia · Edit history and authors
- Wikipedia (Japanese): 岩屋後古墳CC BY-SA 4.0
- Wikidata Q131930270CC0
