Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)
Grafheuvel #45134
DatedEst. 3000–1000 BCE
Photo Dick van Aggelen · CC BY-SA 4.0Source file on Wikimedia Commons
Overview
About this site
Overview
Grafheuvel #45134 is a megalithic mound in Baarn, Kingdom of the Netherlands. It lies at 52.1904° N, 5.2357° E.
Catalogue recordSources and licences
Where it sits in time
The site's dated range, placed against world reference points.
The scale is logarithmic: each step to the left is about ten times older than the last.
Article
Grafheuvel #45134
ContextSources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
Round barrows are found across the Low Countries and France. Many were raised in the Late Neolithic and the Bronze Age. The Bell Beaker phenomenon of the late third millennium BCE brought a new burial rite to western Europe: individual burials, often under a tumulus and with weapons, in contrast to the collective, weaponless burials of the earlier Neolithic. The Dutch hunebedden, the megalithic tombs of the north, belong to the earlier tradition and are described in their own article. The regional background, “Low Countries and French barrows”, is given below.
DatingSources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
No scientific date has been published for this site. Monuments of this type in Kingdom of the Netherlands are generally dated 3000 BCE to 1000 BCE; the site itself may fall inside or outside that range.
The oldest Dutch tumuli (grafheuvels) near Apeldoorn were built about 5,000 years ago and concentrations of Bronze Age tumuli lie on the Veluwe.
Setting
17 other recorded monuments lie within 10 km (1 within 1 km, 5 within 5 km), 17 of them of the same type. In Baarn, Kingdom of the Netherlands, 4 of the 4 recorded monuments are of this type.
The nearest recorded monuments are Terrein waarin 6 grafheuvels (1.0 km south-west, megalithic mound); Terrein waarin 7 grafheuvels (1.1 km north-west, megalithic mound); Terrein waarin twee grafheuvels (2.6 km north-east, megalithic mound); Terrein waarin vier grafheuvels (4.5 km west, megalithic mound).
ProtectionSources for this section
Sources for this section
Heritage status: Rijksmonument.
Tradition and region
About this kind of monument
Low Countries and French barrows
Round barrows are found across the Low Countries and France. Many were raised in the Late Neolithic and the Bronze Age. The Bell Beaker phenomenon of the late third millennium BCE brought a new burial rite to western Europe: individual burials, often under a tumulus and with weapons, in contrast to the collective, weaponless burials of the earlier Neolithic. The Dutch hunebedden, the megalithic tombs of the north, belong to the earlier tradition and are described in their own article.
Round barrows are hemispherical mounds raised over a central burial, which may be an inhumation or a cremation placed in a vessel. Barrows were often reused: later graves were cut into the mound, sometimes long after the first burial, and many attract satellite burials. In France and Belgium, tumuli of the Hallstatt period belong to the early Iron Age, from about 800 BCE; from phase B of the Hallstatt sequence, tumulus burial becomes common and cremation predominates.
Dating relies on pottery and metalwork, and on radiocarbon dating where a mound has been dug. Many have been ploughed down, so the Atlas map reflects where mounds survived and were recorded as much as where they were built.
When visiting, look for the surrounding ditch or kerb, and for a later disturbance at the centre where a later grave or an old digging has cut the mound.
Paraphrased from Wikipedia: Tumulus, Wikipedia: Round barrow, Wikipedia: Bell Beaker culture, Wikipedia: Hallstatt culture, Wikipedia: Hunebed · CC BY-SA 4.0
See it in 3D
An interpretive reconstruction of the monument, standing on the real ground at its exact point, under the sun for that place and season. Drag to look around it.
The reconstruction is ours, not a survey: it shows what a monument of this type looks like, at the size the record gives for this one.
Photographs
1 photograph, each with its author and licence
Lore
Evidence & Lore
What the sources actually support — and, kept apart, what has been claimed.
What the evidence supports
Dates
Est. 3000–1000 BCEHow this date was established: Type comparisonTypical range for megalithic mounds in Kingdom of the Netherlands; this site has not been dated itself. The oldest Dutch tumuli (grafheuvels) near Apeldoorn were built about 5,000 years ago and concentrations of Bronze Age tumuli lie on the Veluwe.Source for this date
Where it stands
Kingdom of the Netherlands
The pin marks the monument itself — its exact point.
- Coordinates
- 52°11′25″ N, 5°14′09″ EFor a GPS or map app: 52.19035, 5.23571
Access is as our sources describe it; we have not visited the site to check.
Nearby
The closest sites in the Atlas, by straight line.
Terrein waarin 6 grafheuvels3000–1000 BCE- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Terrein waarin 7 grafheuvels3000–1000 BCE
- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Terrein waarin twee grafheuvels3000–1000 BCE
- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Terrein waarin vier grafheuvels3000–1000 BCE
- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Terrein waarin twee a drie grafheuvels3000–1000 BCE
Enghenbergje3000–1000 BCE- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Terrein waarin tien grafheuvels3000–1000 BCE
- Megalithic mound (tumulus with integral stones)Terrein waarin één grafheuvel3000–1000 BCE
Sources
Every record behind this page, with the link it came from.
2 sources behind this page
- 01Wikidata Q17453212wikidata.org
- 02Source for this dateen.wikipedia.org
Image files
- Grafheuvel nabij zevenlindenweg lage vuursche 1.JPGDick van AggelenCC BY-SA 4.0
Report a correctionWrong date, name, photograph or source? Tell us and it will be put right.
Around this place
The ten nearest sites, by compass
- Terrein waarin 6 grafheuvels1.0 km SW
- Terrein waarin 7 grafheuvels1.1 km NW
- Terrein waarin twee grafheuvels2.6 km NE
- Terrein waarin vier grafheuvels4.5 km W
- Terrein waarin twee a drie grafheuvels4.6 km W
- Enghenbergje5.1 km SE
- Terrein waarin tien grafheuvels5.3 km N
- Terrein waarin één grafheuvel5.3 km N
- Terrein waarin grafheuvel #456346.8 km NW
- Terrein waarin twee grafheuvels7.0 km SE
Credit
Text, licence and sources
Compiled from open records (Wikidata, CC0; OpenStreetMap, ODbL) and a regional background article based on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Wikidata Q17453212CC0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0