Knowe of Queen o' Howe, broch, Westray
DatedEst. 390 BCE–200 CE
Photo AakBurbage · CC BY-SA 4.0Source file on Wikimedia Commons
Overview
About this site
Overview
Knowe of Queen o' Howe, broch, Westray is a cyclopean masonry in Orkney Islands, United Kingdom. It lies at 59.3276° N, 3.0123° W.
Catalogue recordSources and licences
Where it sits in time
The site's dated range, placed against world reference points.
The scale is logarithmic: each step to the left is about ten times older than the last.
Article
Knowe of Queen o' Howe, broch, Westray
ContextSources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
A broch is an Iron Age hollow-walled drystone tower found in Scotland, and Scotland holds more than 500 of them. Brochs belong to the class that Scottish archaeologists call "complex Atlantic roundhouses". There are approximately 571 candidate sites, concentrated in northern Scotland, with the densest groups in Caithness, Sutherland and the Northern Isles. The Atlas files them under "cyclopean masonry" because of the heavy drystone walls, but they are Scottish Iron Age buildings, unrelated to the Mycenaean walls that give that term its name. The regional background, “Scottish brochs”, is given below.
DatingSources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
No scientific date has been published for this site. Monuments of this type in United Kingdom are generally dated 390 BCE to 200 CE; the site itself may fall inside or outside that range.
The first brochs may have been built circa 300 BC and most of the towers were built in the 1st centuries BC and AD; a sheep bone from Old Scatness Broch dates to between 390 and 200 BC.
Setting
9 other recorded monuments lie within 10 km (0 within 1 km, 2 within 5 km), 2 of them of the same type. In Orkney Islands, United Kingdom, 59 of the 181 recorded monuments are of this type.
The nearest recorded monuments are Quoybirse,standing stone SE of (3.0 km south-east, menhir); Point of Cott chambered cairn (4.5 km south-east, chambered cairn); Fitty Hill, chambered cairn 500m SE of summit (5.0 km south, chambered cairn); Howa Tower,chambered cairn NNW of Netherhouse,Bay of Kirbist (5.9 km south, chambered cairn).
ProtectionSources for this section
Sources for this section
Heritage status: scheduled monument.
Tradition and region
About this kind of monument
Scottish brochs
A broch is an Iron Age hollow-walled drystone tower found in Scotland, and Scotland holds more than 500 of them. Brochs belong to the class that Scottish archaeologists call "complex Atlantic roundhouses". There are approximately 571 candidate sites, concentrated in northern Scotland, with the densest groups in Caithness, Sutherland and the Northern Isles. The Atlas files them under "cyclopean masonry" because of the heavy drystone walls, but they are Scottish Iron Age buildings, unrelated to the Mycenaean walls that give that term its name.
The finest is the Broch of Mousa in Shetland, the tallest broch still standing and among the best-preserved prehistoric buildings in Europe; it is thought to have been built about 300 BCE. Midhowe Broch on Rousay in Orkney has an internal diameter of 9 metres within a wall 4.5 metres thick, which still stands more than 4 metres high. At the Broch of Gurness on Mainland Orkney, a village grew around a tower that probably once reached about 10 metres; settlement began between 500 and 200 BCE, and Robert Rendall found it in 1929.
Dating is not secure. Most brochs may have been built from about 300 BCE; a sheep bone at Old Scatness in Shetland dates to between 390 and 200 BCE. The old view that brochs were defensive refuges for people and their livestock has been challenged: it has been argued that they were the "stately homes" of their time, showing the status of important families, though there is no archaeological proof, and the purpose may have combined defensive, offensive and symbolic functions.
When visiting, look for the two skins of drystone wall with a stair or gallery between them, and for the settlement of smaller houses around the tower.
Paraphrased from Wikipedia: Broch, Wikipedia: Mousa Broch, Wikipedia: Dun Carloway, Wikipedia: Midhowe Broch, Wikipedia: Gurness Broch, Wikipedia: Cyclopean masonry · CC BY-SA 4.0
Photographs
2 photographs, each with its author and licence
More photographs
Lore
Evidence & Lore
What the sources actually support — and, kept apart, what has been claimed.
What the evidence supports
Dates
Est. 390 BCE–200 CEHow this date was established: Type comparisonTypical range for cyclopean masonries in United Kingdom; this site has not been dated itself. The first brochs may have been built circa 300 BC and most of the towers were built in the 1st centuries BC and AD; a sheep bone from Old Scatness Broch dates to between 390 and 200 BC.Source for this date
Where it stands
United Kingdom
The pin marks the monument itself — its exact point.
- Coordinates
- 59°19′39″ N, 3°00′44″ WFor a GPS or map app: 59.32758, -3.01228
Access is as our sources describe it; we have not visited the site to check.
Nearby
The closest sites in the Atlas, by straight line.
- Menhir (standing stone)Quoybirse,standing stone SE of2800–1800 BCE
- Chambered cairnPoint of Cott chambered cairn2000–1650 BCE
- Chambered cairnFitty Hill, chambered cairn 500m SE of summit4000–2500 BCE
- Chambered cairnHowa Tower,chambered cairn NNW of Netherhouse,Bay of Kirbist4000–2500 BCE
- Cyclopean masonryKnowe of Burristae,broch W of Langskaill,Bay of Kirbist390 BCE–200 CE
- Cyclopean masonrySt Tredwell's Chapel, chapel and settlement mound, Papa Westray390 BCE–200 CE
- Chambered cairnHolm of Papa,chambered cairn at N end4000–2500 BCE
- Chambered cairnRamni Geo, chambered cairn SW of, Holm of Papa Westray4000–2500 BCE
Sources
Every record behind this page, with the link it came from.
2 sources behind this page
- 01Wikidata Q56668287wikidata.org
- 02Source for this dateen.wikipedia.org
Image files
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Around this place
The ten nearest sites, by compass
- Quoybirse,standing stone SE of3.0 km SE
- Point of Cott chambered cairn4.5 km SE
- Fitty Hill, chambered cairn 500m SE of summit5.0 km S
- Howa Tower,chambered cairn NNW of Netherhouse,Bay of Kirbist5.9 km S
- Knowe of Burristae,broch W of Langskaill,Bay of Kirbist6.6 km S
- St Tredwell's Chapel, chapel and settlement mound, Papa Westray7.3 km E
- Holm of Papa,chambered cairn at N end8.4 km E
- Ramni Geo, chambered cairn SW of, Holm of Papa Westray8.5 km E
- Holm of Papa Westray South, chambered cairn8.7 km E
- Faray chambered cairn15 km SE
Credit
Text, licence and sources
Compiled from open records (Wikidata, CC0; OpenStreetMap, ODbL) and a regional background article based on Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Wikidata Q56668287CC0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0
- en.wikipedia.orgCC BY-SA 4.0