Double Pyramid — Pyramid of Khentkaus II, Lepsius XXV Pyramid and Lepsius XXV Pyramid. Abusir.

Megalith

Double Pyramid

Also known asDouble pyramid

Egypt

DatedEst. 4000 BCE–600 CE

Photo Abousir_KhentkaousII_01.jpg : Neithsabes · Public domainSource file on Wikimedia Commons

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Overview

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Overview

The Double Pyramid, also known as Lepsius XXV, is a pair of adjacent monuments on the south-eastern edge of the Abusir necropolis in Egypt. It lies south of the pyramid Lepsius XXIV and of the pyramid of Khentkaus II. The pair was built during the mid-Fifth Dynasty, likely during the reign of Nyuserre Ini, for two female members of the extended royal family.

Because of its unusual architecture, with no mortuary temple, a funerary chapel inside the superstructure and a north-south descending corridor to the burial chamber, the monument is regarded by the Egyptologist Miroslav Verner as a distinct type of tomb. This view is debated.

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Where it sits in time

The site's dated range, placed against world reference points.

The scale is logarithmic: each step to the left is about ten times older than the last.

Est. 4000 BCE–600 CEHow this date was established: Type comparisonTypical for this type

What this badge meansThe published range for this kind of monument in this region. It is not a date for this site.
Source for this date

Article

Double Pyramid

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Its outer walls, only roughly worked, had an incline of 78°, which indicates a mastaba or a pyramid base rather than a true pyramid.

Double Pyramid

Description

Sources for this section

The larger, eastern tomb has a base measurement of 27.7 m x 21.53 m and is made of large blocks of white limestone. Its outer walls, only roughly worked, had an incline of 78°, which indicates a mastaba or a pyramid base rather than a true pyramid. The height cannot be determined. A descending passage leads from the middle of the north side to the burial chamber, which measures 4.5 m x 2.7 m. The sarcophagus stands in a niche on the west side of the chamber.

The smaller, western tomb measures 21.7 x 15.7 m and also has an incline of 78°. It is built of roughly hewn grey limestone and has been heavily robbed of stone, so that only a few layers remain. The layering of the surviving masonry indicates that it was built after the eastern tomb.

Excavations

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Karl Richard Lepsius located the structure and listed it as pyramid number XXV. Ludwig Borchardt later classified it as a double mastaba but did not examine it closely. A Czech archaeological team led by Miroslav Verner carried out the first intensive excavation between 2001 and 2004. It showed that there was no mortuary temple, and that the area once taken for one was part of the western tomb. An offering chapel stood on the east side of the eastern tomb; the height of its rooms is known to have been about 5 metres. Papyrus fragments of a list of offerings and an alabaster fragment of a female statue were found in its ruins.

In the eastern burial chamber, thoroughly stripped by grave robbers, parts of a woman's remains, fragments of limestone canopic jars and grave goods were found. In the western tomb only very few traces of a woman's burial and a single object of grave goods survived. Building inscriptions and marks in the masonry included the name of the structure, which can be rendered as "the two [pyramids] are watchful."