Overview
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Overview
The Dolmen Steenodde is a megalithic grave covered by an earth mound, known in German as a Hünengrab. It lies near the village of Steenodde in the municipality of Nebel on the North Sea island of Amrum, in the district of Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The catalogue dating is a typological estimate of 3500 to 2800 BCE.
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Where it sits in time
The site's dated range, placed against world reference points.
The scale is logarithmic: each step to the left is about ten times older than the last.
Article
Dolmen Steenodde
In Ernst Sprockhoff's atlas of the megalithic graves of Germany it is listed as Sprockhoff no.
DescriptionSources for this section
- Wikipedia (German): Dolmen SteenoddeCC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (German): Dolmen SteenoddeCC BY-SA 4.0
The dolmen lies about 500 m south-west of Steenodde, in a small wood beside a path named in the Öömrang dialect Ual Hööw (High German "Alter Gottesdienst", old divine service). The grave is set in a round mound 4 m high and 14 to 18 m in diameter. In Ernst Sprockhoff's atlas of the megalithic graves of Germany it is listed as Sprockhoff no. 12, or "Nebel (Amrum) Grab 2".
It is a rectangular dolmen with a passage, oriented north-east to south-west. All visible stones are in situ. Two supporting stones stand on each long side, and a third stands at the south-western narrow end. The chamber is closed by two capstones. At the other narrow end stands a half supporting stone, with a threshold stone in the gap. The interior of the chamber measures about 1.6 m × 0.9 m. The attached passage consists of two pairs of stones whose capstones are missing.
Nearby lies the Esenhugh, the largest burial mound on Amrum.
ContextSources for this section
- Wikipedia (German): Dolmen SteenoddeCC BY-SA 4.0
Sources for this section
- Wikipedia (German): Dolmen SteenoddeCC BY-SA 4.0
Across the plain from the Netherlands to Poland, the Funnel Beaker culture left thousands of megalithic tombs. Nordic megalith architecture emerged in northern Europe mainly between 3500 and 2800 BCE. Monuments are classed by type: simple dolmens, extended dolmens, passage graves, great dolmens, unchambered long barrows and stone cists.
Tradition and region
About this kind of monument
Megalithic tombs of the North European Plain
Across the plain from the Netherlands to Poland, the Funnel Beaker culture left thousands of megalithic tombs. Nordic megalith architecture emerged in northern Europe mainly between 3500 and 2800 BCE. Counts have risen as surveys improved: Schleswig-Holstein now reports 3,212 megalithic monuments and 958 long mounds, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 5,991 megaliths (against 648 in 2010), and Lower Saxony 1,155. Altogether 11,162 megaliths are known in these three regions, and with Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt the figure for northern Germany rises to 11,648. Denmark has 5,001 registered monuments, the Netherlands 101, Sweden 639 and Poland 18. Johannes Müller has suggested that originally more than 75,000 megaliths were built.
Monuments are classed by type: simple dolmens, extended dolmens, passage graves, great dolmens, unchambered long barrows and stone cists. The oldest are the simple dolmens, which appeared around 3500 BCE and are found across almost the whole area of Nordic megalith architecture. Their entrances were built to be reopened. A megalithic entrance had to seal the tomb, yet allow the community to gain access to the interior again, even after a long time, to perform rituals.
In the Netherlands the hunebedden were built between 3470 and 3250 BCE and used until about 2760 BCE; 54 of the original 100 survive, 52 of them in Drenthe. Poland has only 18 registered monuments, and the long barrows in parts of Poland were typically earthen rather than megalithic.
Dating combines radiocarbon dates from bone and pottery. The tombs were used by later cultures too, so a single tomb can hold remains from different periods.
When visiting, look at how the capstones sit on the supporting stones, how the entrance is built, and the frame of kerbstones around the mound.
Paraphrased from Wikipedia: Nordic megalith architecture, Wikipedia: Megaliths in the Netherlands, Wikipedia: Funnel beaker culture, Wikipedia: Megaliths in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern · CC BY-SA 4.0
Photographs
6 photographs, each with its author and licence
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Lore
Evidence & Lore
What the sources actually support — and, kept apart, what has been claimed.
What the evidence supports
Dates
Est. 3500–2800 BCEHow this date was established: Type comparisonTypical range for megalithic tombs in Germany; this site has not been dated itself. German stone tombs (Grosssteingraber) belong to the Nordic megalith tradition which emerged predominantly between 3500 and 2800 BC.Source for this date
Where it stands
Germany
The pin marks the monument itself — its exact point.
- Coordinates
- 54°38′11″ N, 8°22′31″ EFor a GPS or map app: 54.63640, 8.37530
Access is as our sources describe it; we have not visited the site to check.
Nearby
The closest sites in the Atlas, by straight line.
Sources
Every record behind this page, with the link it came from.
2 sources behind this page
- 01Wikidata Q20647wikidata.org
- 02Source for this dateen.wikipedia.org
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Around this place
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Credit
Text, licence and sources
Adapted from the Wikipedia article "Dolmen Steenodde" (German), licensed CC BY-SA 4.0; authors are listed in the page history. Reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read on Wikipedia · Edit history and authors
- Wikipedia (German): Dolmen SteenoddeCC BY-SA 4.0
- Wikidata Q20647CC0